Politeness in the Classrooms of the Visually Impaired Students: A Case Study
The present study focuses on the use of politeness in teacher-student interaction in a Special Education institute in Pakistan. Using the concepts of Brown and Levinson (1987) and Leech (2014), visually impaired students in grade 8th were observed using or flouting politeness strategies and maxims in the classroom. The results show that the students used both positive and negative politeness strategies. The students repeatedly used negative politeness strategies in order to maintain social distance and to avoid imposition on the teacher. Also, they used maxims of modesty and obligation more frequently than the other maxims. Moreover, it has been observed that these students usually remained quiet and asked fewer questions during class. This research is significant in providing future researchers with a framework to work specifically in the domain of Special Education not only in Pakistan but also globally and will facilitate the development of pedagogical methods for inclusive education.
-
Politeness, Interaction, Special Education, Visually-Impaired, Inclusiveness, Pakistan.
-
(1) Fatima Sagheer Aasi
MPhil Scholar, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Akifa Imtiaz
Associate Professor, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Asma Kashif Shahzad
Associate Professor, Humanities Department, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Pakistan.
- Adel, S. M. R., Davoudi, M., & Ramezanzadeh, A. (2016). A qualitative study of politeness strategies used by Iranian EFL learners in a class blog. Iranian Journal of Language Teaching Research, 4(1), 47–62.
- Adel, S. M. R., Davoudi, M., & Ramezanzadeh, A. (2016). A qualitative study of politeness strategies used by Iranian EFL learners in a class blog. Iranian Journal of Language Teaching Research, 4(1), 47– 62. https://doi.org/10.30466/ijltr.2016.20377
- Ahmed, M., Khan, A. B., & Nasem, F. (2011). Policies for special persons in Pakistan analysis of policy implementation. Berkeley Journal of Social Sciences, 1(2), 1–11.
- Ali, R., & Hameed, H. (2015). Dealing with Visual Impairment: Experiences of Youth in Tertiary Education. Social Sciences Review, 3(1), 1–24.
- Ali, S. (2021). Pakistan Stepping Up Rights Of The Differently-Abled. Nayadaur Tv.
- Awan, A. R., Jamshed, J., Khan, M. M., & Latif, Z. (2018). Prevalence and causes of visual impairment and blindness among school children in Muzaffarabad, Pakistan. Int J Sci Reports [Internet], 4(4), 93. https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20181393
- Bills, L. (2000). Politeness in teacher-student dialogue in mathematics: A socio- linguistic analysis. For the Learning of Mathematics, 20(2), 40–47.
- Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage (Vol. 4). Cambridge university press Cambridge.
- Culpeper, J. (2011). 13. Politeness and impoliteness. Pragmatics of Society, 5, 393
- Farooq, M. S. (2012). Problems faced by students with special needs in ordinary Pakistani schools. Journal of Quality and Technology Management, 8(1), 13–27.
- Farrell, M. (2005). Key issues in special education: raising standards of pupils attainment and achievement. Psychology Press
- Fatema, N. (2013). Visually impaired: Push towards independence. The Express Tribune.
- Fatima, G., & Hussain, C. (2016). Instructional Practices Used by Special Education Teachers in Classrooms of Young Children with Deafness. Bulletin of Education and Research, 38(1), 89–100.
- Jiang, X. (2010). A Case Study of Teachers Politeness in EFL Class. Journal of Language Teaching & Research, 1(5).
- Khan, F. (1998). Case study on special needs education in Pakistan: the process of inclusion. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 13(1), 98–111.
- Khan, K. U., Hasan, A., & Arif, M. I. (2012). Role of Special Education Schools in the Adjustment of Special Children in Their Family. International Journal of Social Sciences & Education, 3(2).
- Khan, S., & Jabeen, F. (2016). A Comparison of Different Aspects of Special Education of Pakistan with USA, England and France. 3(2), 9–22.
- Leech. (2014). The pragmatics of politeness. Oxford University Press, USA.
- Liu, L. (2017). Application of Cooperative Principle and Politeness Principle in class question-answer process. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 7(7), 563– 569.
- Mahmud, M. (2019). The use of politeness strategies in the classroom context by English university students. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 8(3), 597– 606.
- Malik, S., Abdul Manaf, U., Ahmad, N. A., & Ismail, M. (2018). Investigating Special Education Curriculum for Visually Impaired Children in Solving Family Adjustment Issues in Pakistan. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i14/3678
- Markus, M. (2011). Politeness in interaction: an analysis of politeness strategies in online learning and teaching.
- Peng, L., Xie, F., & Cai, L. (2014). A case study of college teachers politeness strategy in EFL classroom. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 4(1), 110-120.
- Rauf, M. (2017). Polite Expressions Used By Teachers In Teaching English In The Classroom. English and Literature Journal, 2(1), 139–157
- Turnbull, A., Turnbull, R., Wehmeyer, M. L., & Shogren, K. A. (2013). Exceptional lives: Special education in todays schools (Seventh).
- Vangun, V. (2018). Introduction to Special Education. In Rick Frost (Ed.), Professional Development.
- Yoga, W. I. G. N. B., Ketut, S., & Hery, S. M. (2018). The implications of politeness strategies among teachers and students in the classroom. SHS Web of Conferences, 42, 67.
- Yrisarry, N., Neuberger, L., & Miller, A. N. (2019). Instructor Response to Uncivil Behaviors in the Classroom: An Application of Politeness Theory. Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 19(4), 220-250
- Yule, G. (2020). The study of language. Cambridge university press.
Cite this article
-
APA : Aasi, F. S., Imtiaz, A., & Shahzad, A. K. (2023). Politeness in the Classrooms of the Visually Impaired Students: A Case Study. Global Educational Studies Review, VIII(II), 64-78. https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).07
-
CHICAGO : Aasi, Fatima Sagheer, Akifa Imtiaz, and Asma Kashif Shahzad. 2023. "Politeness in the Classrooms of the Visually Impaired Students: A Case Study." Global Educational Studies Review, VIII (II): 64-78 doi: 10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).07
-
HARVARD : AASI, F. S., IMTIAZ, A. & SHAHZAD, A. K. 2023. Politeness in the Classrooms of the Visually Impaired Students: A Case Study. Global Educational Studies Review, VIII, 64-78.
-
MHRA : Aasi, Fatima Sagheer, Akifa Imtiaz, and Asma Kashif Shahzad. 2023. "Politeness in the Classrooms of the Visually Impaired Students: A Case Study." Global Educational Studies Review, VIII: 64-78
-
MLA : Aasi, Fatima Sagheer, Akifa Imtiaz, and Asma Kashif Shahzad. "Politeness in the Classrooms of the Visually Impaired Students: A Case Study." Global Educational Studies Review, VIII.II (2023): 64-78 Print.
-
OXFORD : Aasi, Fatima Sagheer, Imtiaz, Akifa, and Shahzad, Asma Kashif (2023), "Politeness in the Classrooms of the Visually Impaired Students: A Case Study", Global Educational Studies Review, VIII (II), 64-78
-
TURABIAN : Aasi, Fatima Sagheer, Akifa Imtiaz, and Asma Kashif Shahzad. "Politeness in the Classrooms of the Visually Impaired Students: A Case Study." Global Educational Studies Review VIII, no. II (2023): 64-78. https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).07